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Regeneration and structural changes of the nerve tissue after the extracellular matrix modification
Vallová, Jana ; Machová Urdzíková, Lucia (advisor) ; Hampl, Aleš (referee) ; Hubálek Kalbáčová, Marie (referee)
Regeneration and structural changes of the nerve tissue after the extracellular matrix modification. Abstract ECM modification may contribute to changes in nerve tissue plasticity. Therefore, 4- methylubulliferone is used in our study, which disrupted the structure of the perineuronal networks surrounding some types of neurons responsible for the formation of memory traces. Mice were fed a 4-MU diet (6.7 mg / g / day) for 6 months, which improved their memory skills in a spontaneous recognition test without a significant adverse effect on the kidneys, liver, or joints.In the next part of the study, an extracellular matrix (UC-ECM) was derived from fetal human umbilical cord tissue also generated as biomimetic hydrogel. Due to the generated UC-ECM's low stability and rapid degradation, the structure was stabilized by covalent genipin bonding. Stabilization with 1 mM genipine increased the biological stability of the material. UC-ECM as well as ECM/G didn't show toxicity in vitro in mesenchymal stem cell proliferation; axonal budding or neural stem cell growth and differentiation were not adversely affected. The biocompatibility of both materials was verified in vivo by applying the material to an intracortical photothrombotic rat lesion, where gelation and infiltration of the lesion and hydrogel by host...
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Mesenchymal stromal cells and biological scaffolds for neural tissue regeneration
Kočí, Zuzana ; Kubinová, Šárka (advisor) ; Filová, Eva (referee) ; Zach, Petr (referee)
Despite tremendous progress in medicine, injuries of the adult central neural system remain without satisfactory solution. Regenerative medicine employs tissue engineering, cellular therapies, medical devices, gene therapy, or growth factors with the aim to bridge the lesion, re-establish lost connections and enhance endogenous repair in order to restore neural function. The aim of my thesis was to evaluate therapeutic potential of two approaches, transplantation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) and biological scaffolds derived from extracellular matrix (ECM) for neural regeneration, particularly in models of spinal cord injury (SCI). First, hMSCs from various sources - bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AT) and Wharton's jelly (WJ) - were isolated and characterized in vitro. All cell types met the minimal criteria for MSC phenotype and displayed similar properties in terms of their surface marker expression, differentiation potential, migratory capacity, and secretion of cytokines and growth factors. On the other hand, the cell yield from WJ and AT was significantly higher, and MSCs isolated from these tissues proliferated better than from BM. Therapeutic effect of intrathecal application of hWJ-MSCs was then evaluated in SCI compression model in rats. The effect of low (0.5 million) and...
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Mesenchymal stromal cells and biological scaffolds for neural tissue regeneration
Kočí, Zuzana ; Kubinová, Šárka (advisor) ; Filová, Eva (referee) ; Zach, Petr (referee)
Despite tremendous progress in medicine, injuries of the adult central neural system remain without satisfactory solution. Regenerative medicine employs tissue engineering, cellular therapies, medical devices, gene therapy, or growth factors with the aim to bridge the lesion, re-establish lost connections and enhance endogenous repair in order to restore neural function. The aim of my thesis was to evaluate therapeutic potential of two approaches, transplantation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) and biological scaffolds derived from extracellular matrix (ECM) for neural regeneration, particularly in models of spinal cord injury (SCI). First, hMSCs from various sources - bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AT) and Wharton's jelly (WJ) - were isolated and characterized in vitro. All cell types met the minimal criteria for MSC phenotype and displayed similar properties in terms of their surface marker expression, differentiation potential, migratory capacity, and secretion of cytokines and growth factors. On the other hand, the cell yield from WJ and AT was significantly higher, and MSCs isolated from these tissues proliferated better than from BM. Therapeutic effect of intrathecal application of hWJ-MSCs was then evaluated in SCI compression model in rats. The effect of low (0.5 million) and...
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The treatment of newborn umbilical cord from birth to discharge into home care.
ŠNAJDROVÁ, Šárka
Recent state: The umbilical cord care is one of the basic operations which are made immediately after the childbirth and during the first weeks in the newborn?s life. It is an everyday routine of midwives, infant nurses and mothers. The umbilical cord care is very important as the cord stump can easily become a gateway for an infection and hereby endanger the newborn?s health and life. Many pages in various publications have been written about the way how to treat the umbilicus. The authors wrote mostly about their own experience and the possibilities which they had in their time. Considering that the procedure changed several times in the past years, there is no unity in the way how to proceed in unison and the newborn?s umbilical cord care is performed differently in diverse hospitals. Repeated education of mothers about correct umbilical cord care in hospital as well as at home is also necessary. World Health Organisation (WHO), The Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN), European Resuscitation Council (ERC) and in the Czech Republic The Czech Neonatology Organisation (ČSNeoS) deal with the issue of the umbilical cord care. Subject: The aim of the work was to find out the way in which the umbilical cord care in newborns from birth to the discharge to home care is performed in chosen infant wards and the way the mothers are educated about the umbilical cord care in chosen infant wards. Methodology: The practical part of the work was compiled on the basis of qualitative survey with a small set of respondents. The qualitative survey was made in a form of questioning and the technique of depth interview was used for the data collecting. This method was chosen because it helps to keep the content aspect of the interview and at the same time it provides space to the respondents to express their own opinions, feelings and experience about the subject of the interview. It also enables to see how the respondents understand the particular problem. The subsequent coding, categorization and content analysis of interviews was made easier thanks to the uniform composition of questions. Research set: The research set was assembled from three infant nurses/midwives and three mothers in purposely chosen infant wards in Valašské Meziříčí, Benešov and České Budějovice. Three criteria were set for choosing of the infant nurses/midwives. The first criterion was work in an infant ward without technical supervision (valid registration of the nurse in NCONZO), the second one was employment for at least one year in an infant ward and the third one was a visible identification of person. Two criteria were set for choosing of the mothers. The first criterion was mother?s newborn care in the form of rooming-in for at least 48 hours and the second one was that the mother and the newborn will be discharged to home care on the day of interview. Results : From the result of the research it is clear that the way of the newborn umbilical cord care in chosen infant wards differs in the umbilical cord care after the birth as well as in the subsequent care provided in the rooming-in care. The standard of the umbilical cord care in infant wards are set by the consultant and the head doctor of the ward and basically do not change, only in České Budějovice there was one change last year, when they accepted the latest AWHONN recommendation from 2007 which says that the cord stump should be left to fall off spontaneously. It follows that the infant ward in České Budějovice matches the WHO, AWHONN and ČNeoS recommendation the most, the infant ward in Benešov slightly differs in the procedure and the infant ward in Valašské Meziříčí treats the umbilical cord according the old standard of ČNeoS. Conclusion: The output of the work is a standard of nursing care in the newborn umbilical cord care which could serve as a uniform procedure in chosen infant wards.
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Foreknowledge of women in childbed about the possibility of navel cord blood taking
BLÁHOVÁ, Martina
The objective of the thesis was to determine the level of expectant mothers' awareness of the possibility of umbilical cord blood collection. Umbilical cord blood can be collected only at one moment {--} after the child has been delivered. Umbilical cord blood comprises stem cells that cannot be found in the body any other time in human life. Stem cells have been used to treat blood diseases for several years. Umbilical cord blood is contained in umbilical cord and placenta. Umbilical cord blood collection is not dangerous under any circumstances and donation is entirely optional. The midwife is a member of the team that participates in umbilical cord blood collection. She is familiar with the correct blood collection technique. She educates pregnant women during pregnancy and also during childbirth about the possibility of umbilical cord blood collection and use. In spite of the fact that pregnant women have enough information about the possibility of umbilical cord blood collection, it is necessary to improve awareness of the importance of the collected umbilical cord blood - e.g. in prenatal courses or by creating a complex educative material. Nowadays umbilical cord blood is used mainly in the treatment of children's haemoplastic diseases, but in the future usage of stem cells could exceed the imagination. The advantage is that umbilical cord blood can be collected safely and painlessly after the childbirth and it can be stored in the long term in the umbilical cord blood banks. Umbilical cord blood preservation may become a meaningful health and life policy.
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